Common String literals and operations
| s = "" | empty string |
| s = "spam's" | double quotes, same as single |
| s = 's\np\ta\xOOm' | escape sequences |
| s = """...""" | triple quoted blocks strings |
| s = r'\temp\spam' | raw strings |
| s = b'spam' | byte strings python3.x |
| s = u'spam' | unicode strings python2.x |
| s1 + s2 s * 3 |
concatenate, repeat |
| a[i] s[i:j] len(s) |
index, slice, length |
| 'a %s parrot' % kind | string formatted expression |
| 'a {} parrot'.format(kind) | string formatted method |
| s.find('pa') | string method calls: search |
| s.rstrip() | remove whitespace |
| s.replace('pa', 'xx') | replacement |
| s.split(',') | split on delimiter |
| s.isdigit() | content test |
| s.lower() | case conversion |
| s.endswith('spam') | end test |
| 'spam'.join(strlist) | delimiter join |
| s.encode('latin-1') | unicode encoding |
| for x in s: print(x) 'spam' in s: [c * 2 for c in s] map(ord, s) |
iteration, membership |
Escape Sequences
| \newline | ignored(continuation line) |
| \\ | backslash (one) |
| \' | single quote |
| \" | double quote |
| \a | bell |
| \b | backspace |
| \f | formfeed |
| \n | newline (linefeed) |
| \r | carriage return |
| \t | horizontal tab |
| \v | vertical tab |
| \xhh | character with hex value(at most 2 digits) |
| \ooo | character with octal value ooo (up to 3 digits) |
| \O | Null: binary O character(doesnt end string) |
| \N{ id } | unicode database Null |
| \uhhhh | unicode 16 bit hex |
| \Uhhhhhhhh | unicode 32 bit hex |
| \other | not an escape (keeps both \ and other) |
String Formatting Expressions
| s | String ( or any object's str(X) string |
| r | s, but users repr, not str |
| c | character |
| d | decimal (integer) |
| i | integer |
| u | Same as d (obsolete) |
| o | Octal integer |
| x | Hex integer |
| X | X, though prints uppercase |
| e | floating point exponent |
| E | Same as e, but prints uppercase |
| f | Floating point decimal |
| F | Floating point decimal |
| g | Floating point e or f |
| G | Floating point E or F |
| % | literal % |